Abstract Background The presence of Extracapsular Extension (ECE) in the Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy (SLNB) is still a doubt in the literature. Some studies suggest that the presence of ECE may be related to a greater number of positive axillary lymph nodes which could impact Disease Free Survival (DFS) and Overall Survival (OS). This study searches for the clinical significance of the ECE. Methods Retrospective cohort comparing the presence or absence of ECE in T1-2 invasive breast cancer with positive SLNB. All cases treated surgically at the Cancer Institute of the State of São Paulo (ICESP) between 2009 and 2013 were analyzed. All patients with axillary disease in SLNB underwent AD. Outcomes Identify the association between the presence and length of ECE and additional axillary positive lymph nodes, OS and DFS between both groups. Results 128 patients with positive SLNB were included, and 65 had ECE. The mean metastasis size of 0.62 (SD = 0.59) mm at SLNB was related to the presence of ECE (p < 0.008). The presence of ECE was related to a higher mean of positive sentinel lymph nodes, 3.9 (± 4.8) vs. 2.0 (± 2.1), p = 0.001. The median length of follow-up was 115 months. The OS and DFS rates had no differences between the groups. Conclusion The presence of ECE was associated with additional positive axillary lymph nodes in this study. Therefore, the OS and DFS were similar in both groups after 10 years of follow-up. It is necessary for additional studies to define the importance of AD when SLNB with ECE.

INTRODUÇÃO: O conhecimento das características relacionadas à perda auditiva profunda é de extrema importância já que permite a identificação etiológica e de fatores prognósticos e planejamento estratégico para intervenções de saúde pública. OBJETIVO: Verificar as diferentes etiologias da perda auditiva, idade de diagnóstico da perda, relacionada ou não à aquisição de linguagem e idade dos pacientes ao procurar o serviço para a avaliação de implante coclear. MÉTODO: Estudo de casos, de coorte histórica transversal, com análise retrospectiva de arquivos de 115 pacientes com perda auditiva neurossensorial comprovada acompanhados num hospital universitário, com base em sexo, idade da perda, idade na primeira consulta, linguagem e etiologia da perda. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÃO: os pacientes avaliados para implante coclear chegam à primeira consulta, em sua maioria, com mais de um ano de idade (média preocupante de 3,8 anos no grupo pré-lingual), apesar de o diagnóstico da perda ser precoce, o que reflete um sistema ainda deficiente em termos de referenciamento. A causa idiopática ainda é a mais encontrada. Dentre as etiologias conhecidas, as mais prevalentes são as perinatais e a meningite.

INTRODUCTION: Knowledge of the characteristics related to profound hearing loss is a matter of great importance, as it allows for the etiological and prognostic identification and strategic planning for public health interventions. OBJECTIVE: To assess the different etiologies of hearing loss, age at diagnosis of the hearing loss, its relation to language acquisition, and the age at the first consultation in this service for cochlear implant assessment. METHODS: This was a historical cohort, cross-sectional study, using retrospective analysis of the records of 115 patients with confirmed sensorineural hearing loss, who were followed in a university hospital, based on gender, age of hearing loss, age at the first consultation, language, and hearing loss etiology. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The majority of patients assessed for cochlear implants attend the first consultation when they are older than one year (an alarming mean of 3.8 years in the prelingual group) in spite of the early diagnosis of hearing loss. This reflects an already deficient health care system, in terms of referral. The idiopathic cause remains the most frequently identified. Among the known causes, the most prevalent are perinatal causes and meningitis.